宇宙的形成1:卫星 Alien Moons

本节目将带我们一起探寻宇宙是如何诞生的,又是如何从一个小点扩张到现在的浩瀚无际。首先我们认识卫星,卫星是指在围绕一颗行星轨道并按闭合轨道做周期性运行的天然天体或人造天体,月球就是最明显的天然卫星的例子。在太阳系里,除水星和金星外,其他行星都有天然卫星。太阳系已知的天然卫星总数(包括构成行星环的较大的碎块)至少有160颗。天然卫星是指环绕行星运转的星球,而行星又环绕着恒星运转。天然卫星的大小不一,彼此差别很大。其中一些直径只有几千米大,还有几个在太空运行的卫星却比水星还大。
This Is The Greatest Story Ever Told, The Creation Of Everything Us. The Programme Investigates How The Universe Came Into Existence Out Of Nothing, And How It Grew From A Miniscule Point, Smaller Than An Atomic Particle, To The Vast Cosmos We See Today.

[flash url=”http://down02.putclub.com/newupdate/vaonline/Discovery/eMule/earthmade/putclub.com_Alien_Moons1.flv”]

In the universe ,everything seems to orbit something, planets orbit stars and moons orbit planets. Some moons are volcanic, but the volcanos are ice; others are awash with great oceans. There may be more habitable moons in our galaxy, than there are habitable planets. Moons tell the unknown stories of our solar system and show us how it all works.

In our own solar system, there are just 8 planets. But orbiting 6 of those planets are moons, lots and lots of moons, more than 300 of them, each one is different, each one a world on its own. While we look at our own solar system, we see a lot of planets, but even more than planets, we see moons. And in many ways, they are more interesting than the planets they go around. We have moons that are airless and apparently dead like ours, but others in our solar system, we have moons with oceans inside them and moon with atmosphere surround them. And I’m for moon and you can keep the planets.

The biggest eruptions, the coldest temperatures and the largest oceans in the solar system,they are all on moons. There are moons with ice volcanos. There are moons with lakes of methane, and metane rainfall, smog, clouds. Moons that are so volcanically active that they keep remaking their surface. Moons with all kinds of plume shooting off into the space. Really, a much wider range of environments than we ever could have imagined.

色拉英语乐园第4集

Lesson 4 I don’t like peking duck

[youku id=”XMTAxNjYxNjQ”]

Hey man, is this your first time in Shanghai?
Yeah.
Do you like the city?
Yes,I do.
How about Beijing?
I haven’t been there yet.
Have you tried Peking Duck?
Yeah,it’s great.

Hey buddy, he said he likes Peking Duck. How about you?
Absolutely not!
I do NOT like Peking Duck!

色拉大餐 Main Course

1. Do you like…? 你喜欢…?
Do you like the city?
你喜欢这个城市吗?
Do you like foreign films?
你喜欢看外国电影吗?
Do you like Beijing?
你喜欢北京吗?
Do you like the Shanghai Museum?
你喜欢上海博物馆吗?

2. How about…? ..怎么样?
How about Beijing?
北京怎么样?
How about a cup of coffee?
来杯咖啡怎么样?
How about going to the International Conference Hall?
去国际会议中心怎么样?
How about taking a rest now?
现在休息一下怎么样?

3. I do not / don’t like… 我不喜欢…
I do NOT like Peking Duck!
我不喜欢北京烤鸭!
I don’t like chicken.
我不喜欢吃鸡。
I don’t like the city.
我不喜欢这个城市。
I don’t like travelling alone.
我不喜欢独自旅行。

风味小吃 Side Dish

1. It’s great. 太好了。棒极了。
I’ve got a new job. It’s great.
我有份新工作。太好了。

2. Absolutely not. 一点都不/当然不。
Did you like the film?
你喜欢这部电影吗?
Absolutely not.
一点都不。

Do you think I can trust him?
你认为我能相信他吗?
Absolutely not.
当然不能。

今日回味 Dessert

buddy 好朋友,家伙
yeah 是的
absolutely 当然,绝对
It’s great. 好极了。
Absolutely not. 当然不,一点都不

色拉英语乐园第3集

Lesson 3 Is Kevin Home

[youku id=”XNTIzOTEwODA”]

I’m bored. Is there any way we can have some fun?
Easy! Just watch!
Ding-dong! Is Kevin home?
Coming!
Ding-dong! Is Kevin home?
Coming!
Ding-dong!
Ding-dong! Is Kevin home?
NO,he’s…he’s…,…he’s not in.
No.he’s…he’s…not in. He’s not in. He’s not in.
Is Kevin home?
He’s not in.

开胃小菜 Appetizer

fun 快乐,娱乐
home 家
easy 简单
way 方法,方式
watch 看

色拉大餐 Main Course

1. Is there any way….? 有没有什么办法…?
Is there any way we can have some fun?
有没有什么办法能让我们开开心?

Is there any way we can get there in ten minutes?
有没有什么办法能让我们在十分钟内到达那儿?

Is there any way you can leave work early tonight?
有没有什么办法能让你今晚早点下班?

Is there any way I can help you?
有没有什么办法我能帮助你?

2. Comng! 来了!

3. Is Kevin home? 凯文在家吗?
Is your father in?
你爸爸在吗?

Is Tom around?
汤姆在吗?

Is anyone there?
有人在吗?

4. He’s not in. 他不在家。

风味小吃 Side Dish

1. I’m so bored! 真无聊!
No friend,no TV. I’m so bored.
没有朋友,没有电视。真无聊。

2. Just watch! 看我的!
I’ll show you how to do it,just watch!
看我的,我会告诉你怎么做的!

今日回味 Dessert

fun 快乐,娱乐
home 家
easy 简单
I’m so bored! 真无聊!
Just watch! 看我的!

色拉英语乐园第2集

Lesson 2 How do I get to Nanjing Road

[ku6 id=”iiW5JduYtxGQXaxVZ2yadA”]

Parden me,can you tell me how to get to Nanjing Road?
Sure,you can take bus number 21,or subway line one.
Which one is faster?
If I were you, I’ll take the subway.
Thank you.

Excuse me,do you know whre the museum is?
Easy,just go north on Shanxi Road. It’s about twenty minutes from here. The museum’s on the left,you can’t miss it.
Thanks!
You’re welcome!

bus 公汽
subway 地铁
fast 快
north 北面
minute 分钟

Can you tell me how to get to…?
能不能告诉我怎么去…?

Which one is faster?
哪个更快?

I’ll take the bus/subway.
我会坐公汽/地铁。

Do you know where…is? / Do you know where I can find…?
你知道…在哪里吗?

Can you show me the way to…?
你能不能告诉我去…的路?

Parden me / Excuse me,…?

You can’t miss it.

色拉英语乐园第1集

中国色拉英语乐园Salad English Park故事梗概:

故事发生在一个人和动物友好相处的现代都市里。在那个世界里有着和我们现实生活完全一样的场景。所有发生的故事围绕我们日常生活的场景展开。包括出租车,饭店家庭聊天,医院,商店等等。还有可怜的Mr.B先生,总是个倒霉的家伙,被困在小岛上多日,每次求生的努力总是失败。另外还有一心想得到新式捕虫武器的青蛙,狡猾的商人,多情的公鸡,忠厚而失败的老牛等,许多许多有趣的人物演绎出一场一场好戏,同样折射出我们忙乱而精彩的都市生活。也许通过这么多细致的描写,你也可以发现你自己身边的青蛙,公鸡……

Lesson 1 Always remember to say PLEASE

一、场景:

A:Help!…Help!…HELP! Help me! I need food. I need water. I need a house, a wife.
B:You must first say “please”!
A:Okay, Okay! PLEASE help me! PLEASE give me some food! PLEASE give me some water. PLEASE!
A:Hey! I said “please”!
B:Indeed , but you didn’t say “thank you ”.

[ku6 id=”rH9Hn0KNQ-jAW1k5U9tecA”]

二、单词:
help
food
water
house
indeed 确实

三、讲解:
1.I need 我需要
I need a cup of coffee. It’s already midnight.夜深了,我需要一杯咖啡。
I need a break.我需要休息一下
Don’t go,Kathy. I need to talk to you,凯茜别走,我要和你谈谈。

2.You mus 你必须
You must finish your homework before watching TV.

3. Please
A cut of tea,please.
Please give me your book.
Pay attention,please

4. Indeed
Indeed,but you didn’t say “thank you”!

Did you hear the explosion last night?
Indeed I did.

These problems are difficult indeed,but I’m sure we can solve them.

Isn’t it a gorgeous day,Father?
Yes,indeed!

How the Earth Changed History Water World 神奇水世界(1-2)

地球是我们赖以生存的家园,她为我们提供了生存所必需的物质——氧气和水。她用慈母般的温情哺育了一代又一代的人。当我们恣意地享受地球给予的一切时,是否已经了解地球了呢?地球的力量到底有多大!

Of all our planet’s forces, perhaps none has greater power over us than water. For me, water is the most magical force on earth. The presence of water shapes, renews and nourishes our planet.

Oh, my God ! You get all wet there!

It’s our planet’s lifeblood. It pumps through it continuously, delivering vital ingredients for life.

Ah,it’s glorious!

Water makes us alive. Yet, water is just one of the ways that the power of the planet has shaped our lives. The earth has immense power and yet that’s rarely mentioned in our history books. I’m here to change that. I’m exploring four great planetary forces that have influenced our history.

The power of the deep earth; the few technological innovation-wind, that has shaped the fate of entire continents; and fire, which gave us the power to conquer the planet.

But I’m going to start with water, the magic of water is that it’s constantly transforming itself, shifting between guises and from place to place, our struggle to control it has been behind the rise and fall of some of the greatest civilizations on earth.

The center of the Sahara Desert in North Africa, one of the driest places on earth.

I’m over six hours drive from civilization. Temperatures here regularly reach 100 degrees Fahrenheit, but there’s less than half an inch of rainfall each year.

Ah,the whole things are moving. It’s like walking on water.

Yet, hidden amongst these dry dunes are clues that point to the dramatic influence the planet has had on human lives.
I’ve come here because although you’ll never know it, the story of this place is all about water. The clues are etched into that rock face there. Prehistoric rock outdating about 6,000 years in the pattern of the almost unlikely characteristics you’ve ever seen.

Whoa, what is that? Is it a giraffe? It’s a giraffe. Look at that, here is a neck, here is its ear. Look at that, it’s an eye, isn’t it? That’s really natural, isn’t it? And that looks like a giraffe, dipping its head/ and drinking some water. We’ve got a herd of giraffes here.

Looks like two cats. They are fighting. That, what is that? Looks like a figure of, a figure of a man who’s wearing a burqa. And that’s clearly a crocodile which is especially odd here, that’s an aquatic animal. It doesn’t just paddle around. It needs a lot of water to live in. I find all the creatures that are depicted on these rocks are not desert animals. They need wet conditions.

In such a parched wilderness, how can this be? The only explanation is that 6,000 years ago, this place was wet. Once you know what to look for, the evidence is all around.

Sinkhole Swallows Hiker 死海岸边的致命沙洞

The Dead Sea is the lowest point on earth and runs more than 50 miles in length and stretches 11 miles across its wildest point, bordering Israel, The West Bank and Jordan. Large sections of the coast are fenced off and sign posted in Hebrew and English: Warning of sinkholes.

The sea’s dropping water levels is leading to dangerous consequences. In April, an Israeli hiker wandered into an area that had no warning signs and was critically injured when he fell into a sinkhole.

“Due to the rapid drop, the ground water are now facing with the salt rock and the salt rock is undergoing a very rapid dissolution. Cavities(空腔) are formed inside and eventually the surface collapses down to these cavities and these are therefore the sinkholes.”

Geologist Eli Raz himself became the victim of a sinkhole several years ago.

“(I) just remembered that I was busy by documenting a new sinkhole, and then suddenly I found myself covered by a pile of avalanche on the bottom of a sinkhole.”

He spent 14 hours at the bottom before his rescue, and even wrote his will, not knowing he would be saved.

“I just can tell you that it was terrible, very frightened and in the first place, in the beginning, I started to write my will without knowing that somebody will find it of course.”

Now Raz is working to save others from the similar fate, leading an effort to map the sinkholes that are spreading on the banks of the saltwater lake.

The formation of the Dead Sea sinkholes are caused by a drop in the sea’s water level due to limited rainfall, the diversion of much needed water from its upstream sources, pollution, and industrial evaporation of water by the Dead Sea mineral industry. As the sea levels drop, high levels of salt are left behind in the soil. When fresh water washes in and dissolves the salts, cavities are created, causing sinkholes.

Detecting potential sinkholes is crucial because they not only damage the environment, but pose a direct threat to the tourist industry and agriculture.

These underground pits can now be better detected by a new monitoring system. The Geophysical Institute(地球物理研究所) of Israel, along with the Geological Survey of Israel, has been trying to locate sinkholes when they are being created and to follow them. The monitoring can help reveal dangerous sinkhole zones in their early stages.

“We developed a methodology of combining geophysical prediction of sinkholes appearing at the Dead Sea costal plane. What we have (as) a problem now is we need to create at least (a) few geophysical teams with the aim of the constant geophysical monitoring of the dangerous area.”

When a sinkhole is deemed dangerous, reportedly, crews can fill it in with cement or initiate its collapse before it would happen naturally.

In the 80 years that records have been kept, the water level in the Dead Sea has dropped by over 65 feet. The sea has shrunk by more than a third. And in the absence of any expensive water replenishment(补充,补给) plan, the sea is expected to shrink to about two thirds of its current size over roughly the next century.

The Secret Life of Geisha 艺伎真实生活记录(5-6)

Only one westerner has ever been allowed to become part of this closed way of life. It is now, more than 20 years since Liza Dalby, a US citizen, lived in Japan as a geisha.

A blue-eyed girl playing the shamisen / samisen, singing songs. It was the first time in geisha history. She got better at walking, sitting on her knees and wearing the kimono. She gradually became the part.

Liza had immaculate qualifications to become a geisha. She spent her teenage years in Japan, learning the language and the shamisen, the traditional geisha instrument. She then went on to make the first ever study of geisha for her doctorate before becoming a geisha herself.

I didn’t really stand out, then I would come, I sit next to someone and often he would start talking and then suddenly he’d kind of look at me, you know, noticed that my eyes were not deep brown and said, wait a minute, you are not Japanese, what’s going on here? And all the geisha would wait for that moment. I mean, sometimes they did this on purpose. They wouldn’t tell the customers that the foreign geisha was here, and then someone would notice, they would just break out, blether that was so funny.

Of course walking is something you have to give up the way that you walk when you’re wearing western clothes, because of the kimono, you know, in cases your legs are rather tightly, so you, you have to take smaller steps. And I would always forget to do this especially, if I was in a rush. And then my feet would start flapping, and one of the older geisha would scold me, you know, not to walk that way. But as if like, it’s like learning a whole new body language.

“When a woman enters the geisha community, when she decides that she’s going to make this for life, she makes a very conscious choice that she’s not going to marry, she’s not going to be a housewife, so the roads really diverge there. Geisha don’t marry, they don’t follow the, the middle-class way. They, you know, they deal them in the world of presenting themselves as works of art.

They are works of art, but they are also rented by the hour to entertain men.

Even though a prostitute’s livelihood is sex and a geisha’s livelihood isn’t exactly sex, the fact is that a prostitute can’t really determine who she is gonna spend the next hour with, and, and neither can a geisha.

Artist by day, companions by night, the image of the geisha has always been clouded by prostitution. From lowly beginnings, geisha slowly rose in stature until in time, they would reach the forefront of Japanese society. Once sweethearts of Samurai, in the Second World War they waved goodbye to their kamikaze heroes. How has a fragile world of the geisha retained its status through 400 years of turbulent history, and what became of those geisha who believed they could escape their traditions and find true love in the west?

To understand the geisha, you have to know their past. Their story begins 4 centuries ago in the days of the Shogun. Geisha first appeared in the early 1600s. After centuries of infighting among rival warrior lords, Japan became a united country under a military dictator or shogun. The government was set up in Edo, site of present day Tokyo. Under Shogun rule, Japan isolated itself entirely from the rest of the world for hundreds of years. The Shogun’s power was absolute.

One of the things this government, which was very impressive, did, was to stamp out, for example, Christianity and another was to take all of the prostitution in that kind of serve and put it into restricted licensed quarters to control it.

The pleasure quarters became places of sexual freedom. Exclusive prostitutes or courtesans would entertain Samurai warriors and merchants at lavish banquets. It was here that the first geisha appeared. Surprisingly, they were men. They assumed the role of court gesture.

These were entertainers who came into the parties that the courtesans had when they were entertaining customers at banquets, playing music, dancing, you know, telling jokes, this kind of thing, and these were originally men.

The Big Bang(1-2)

宇宙大爆炸是由宇宙中红移现象而推论得出的,宇宙在加速膨胀是有事实依据的,因此得出宇宙是由大爆炸中产生的结论,这些数据会激发人们无数的遐想,不可否认,人类已经开始了探索宇宙的新的旅程,这个过程肯定是刺激的。或许有一天人们发现红移现象是由另外原因产生的,那么大爆炸说就瞬间瓦解了。

[flash url=”http://down02.putclub.com/newupdate/vaonline/Discovery/eMule/earthmade/putclub.com_BigBang1.flv”]

Billions and billions of galaxies, the universe is so vast. We can’t even imagine what those numbers mean. But 14 billion years ago, none of these existed until the Big Bang.

-The Big Bang is the origin of space and the origin of time itself.

We take a journey through space and time, from the beginning to the end of the universe itself.

This is our world – cities, forests, oceans, people. Everything in the universe is made from matter created in the first seconds of the Big Bang. Every star, every planet, every atom, every glade of grass, every drop of water.

-Water is ancient. The hydrogen atoms in here were born moments after the Big Bang, then came everything else.

The Big Bang is the defining event of our universe and everything in it. The secrets of our past, our present and our future are locked inside this one moment in time. To unlock the secrets of the Big Bang, we have to travel outside of our own solar system, and journey beyond even our own galaxy. As we travel into deep space, we are actually seeing into the past and getting closer to being able to witness the dawn of time itself, passing the first infant galaxies and the first stars.

[flash url=”http://down02.putclub.com/newupdate/vaonline/Discovery/eMule/earthmade/putclub.com_BigBang2.flv”]

We arrive back at the moments the universe began, and face the biggest questions in all of science.

-This is the Holy Grail of Physics. We want to know why it banged. We want to know what banged. We want to know what was there before the bang.

To get the answers, we’ve built machines the size of cities to simulate conditions when the universe was created, and space telescopes to peer deep into our past.

-We’re getting close to answering the age old questions – why are we here, where did we come from, does the universe, in fact, has a beginning or an end, and the soul, what are they like. If we find the answer to that, it would be the ultimate triumph of human reason. We would know the mind of God.

The origin of the Big Bang is the greatest mystery of all time. And the more we learn, the deeper the mystery becomes.

-We like to think that our universe is unique. However, now we are not so sure. Perhaps, there is a multi-verse of universes. Another possibility is that our Big Bang is just one of many Big Bangs. But it may be one of just an infinite number/ of universes and there may be other regions and that infinite number of universes where Big Bang is just happening today.

But there is only one universe we are sure of, and understanding this one is hard enough. Since the late 1920s, everything we know about how our universe works has been turned upside down.

-It’s important to realize how much our picture of the universe is changing in the last century. At the beginning of the 20th century, the conventional wisdom in science was that the universe was static and eternal.

In 1929, that all changed. At the Mount Wilson Observatory above L.A., astronomer Edwin Hubble discovered galaxies aren’t stuck…

Sanaa 也门首都:萨纳

Day breaks in Sanaa, Yemen as the call to prayer rouses the inhabitants of this ancient city as it has for hundreds of years. This capital city, nestled at an elevation of over 7,000 feet in the Yemeni highland, is one of the oldest continually inhabited cities in the world.

In the Medieval areas, towering mud-brick houses with white plaster highlights are oddly reminiscent of the spectacular gingerbread city. While in the Labyrinth souks, Yemenis haggle for spice, jewelry and other goods just as they have for centuries.

A walk through these narrow passageways quickly reveals one striking piece of merchandise, an accessory the Yemeni gentleman can’t be without–the Jambiya. These ornate burly knives are worn prominently, tucked into thick embroidered belts. And while they may seem fearsome to western sensibilities, the Jambiya is almost never used as a weapon, instead it serves as a sign of Yemeni manhood.

In the cramped quarters of the souk, blacksmiths intendedly work metal into the unmistakable hook-shaped blades. Rows of gleaming daggers are proudly displayed in market stalls. Their prices range from a few dollars to a staggering one million dollars for a Jambiya with impeccable craftsmanship and illustrious history, but the prestige of these items can come at a high price other than money.

The worth of these daggers is often defined by the handle, traditionally made from rhinoceros horn, price for the unique patina it exhibits. Jambiyas have often been cited as a major underlying cause for rhino poaching. Despite bans by the Yemeni government and international community on the trade of horns, they continue to be used by some knife makers. Conservationists and government officials have tried to stamp out the use by encouraging alternative materials, like water buffalo horn or camel hoofs, but in this country where change creeps slowly and tradition remains strong, a rhino horn Jambiya may be a steady symbol for some time to come.

New Words and Phrases

day break 黎明
rouse 唤醒, 鼓舞, 激起
inhabitants 居民
nestle 依偎, (舒适地)安顿
elevation 提拔, 海拔, 提高
Yemeni 也门的,也门人
highland 高地, 山地
inhabit 居住于, 占据, 栖息
Medieval 中世纪的
plaster 石膏, 灰泥, 膏药
reminiscent 回忆的, 怀旧的, 耽于回想的;回忆者, 回忆录作者
spectacular 壮观的, 令人惊叹的
gingerbread 姜饼, 华而不实的装饰